Mankhwala Amisala

Mwana kapena wamkulu akalowa m'chipatala cha matenda amisala, zikutanthauza kuti ali pakati pa mavuto ndipo ali pachiwopsezo cha:

- kutaya anzawo

- kulephera kusukulu

- kukana kupita kusukulu

- kuthawa panyumba

- kusewera masewera apakanema usana ndi usiku wonse 

- kukhala wotsutsa, wopanda ulemu, wosamvera akuluakulu 

Ana kapena akuluakulu akhoza kukhala:

- kukhala ndi mkwiyo woopsa

- kuchita zinthu mopupuluma

- kuchita zinthu zoopsa

- kuchita zinthu zodzivulaza

- kukhala ndi maganizo ofuna kudzipha 

Kutenga Koyamba:

Mankhwala amisala alipo kuti athandize mwana kapena wamkulu kuphunzira luso lothana ndi mavuto. Makhalidwe ndi zizindikiro zina sizimayankha chithandizo chokha - ngati wina ali ndi chilakolako chofuna kudzivulaza yekha kapena ena, kapena akuda nkhawa ndi kudzipha kapena maganizo oipa, kapena akwiya kwambiri, sangathe kuphunzira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito luso lothana ndi mavuto lomwe akuphunzitsidwa. 

Chinthu chachiwiri chotengera: 

Matenda ena amisala monga bipolar disorder ndi schizophrenia sayankha chithandizo chokha ndipo amatha kukula kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Ngati mudikira kuti mulandire chithandizo ndi mankhwala, zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakula pakapita nthawi ndipo kenako mumafunika mankhwala ambiri komanso mlingo wokwera kuti muchiritse zizindikirozo. 

Kutenga kwachitatu:

Mankhwala amisala amalola ana ndi akuluakulu kubwerera ku thanzi lawo labwino mwachangu momwe angathere, chomwe ndi cholinga cha chithandizo. 

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DrK_MD uyu, Dr K akuyankha funso lakuti: N’chifukwa chiyani mukumwa mankhwala amisala kuwonjezera pa chithandizo?

Chifukwa choyamba: Mankhwala amisala amatha kuchiza zizindikiro mwachangu kuti athandize mwana kapena wamkulu kubwerera ku thanzi labwino mwachangu! Kutanthauza kuti ana amabwerera ku moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku mwachangu - kulephera sukulu pang'ono kapena chiopsezo chochepa chobwereza giredi kapena kuchedwa ku koleji. 

Chifukwa chachiwiri: Mankhwala amisala angathandize mwana kapena wamkulu kuphunzira ndikugwiritsa ntchito luso lothana ndi mavuto.

Chifukwa chachitatu komanso chofunika kwambiri: Mankhwala a matenda amisala amatha kuletsa matenda amisala ndi zizindikiro kuti zisakule kwambiri pakapita nthawi ndikukhala zovuta kuchiza kuti athandize mwana kapena wamkulu kubwerera ku thanzi lawo lopanda zizindikiro.

Musaiwale kuti matenda amenewa amatha kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi ndipo mwina sangachiritsidwe kapena kufunikira mankhwala ena ambiri kuti achiritse zizindikiro zoopsa mtsogolo. 

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DrK_MD uyu, Dr K akulankhula za nthawi yomwe chithandizo chokha chimalimbikitsidwa.

Chithandizo chimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa mankhwala kuti chigwire ntchito. Zingatenge miyezi 9 kuti munthu athetse vuto la kuvutika maganizo pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolankhulirana yokha. 

Ngati zizindikiro ndi makhalidwe ali oopsa kwambiri, simukufuna kuyika mwana pachiwopsezo choimitsidwa kusukulu kapena munthu wamkulu kutaya ntchito yake. 

Matenda ena amisala monga bipolar disorder ndi schizophrenia amatha kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi ndipo satha kulandira chithandizo ngati mudikira kuti muyambe kulandira chithandizo cha mankhwala.

Choncho pa makhalidwe kapena zizindikiro zoopsa kwambiri, kungakhale kosatetezeka kuyesa chithandizo nokha musanayambe mankhwala amisala. 

Funso lofunika kufunsa: Kodi chiopsezo chopanda mankhwala ndi chiyani ndipo machitidwe ovuta kapena osatetezeka amapitilira nthawi yayitali ngati mwasankha kuyesa chithandizo choyamba nokha?

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DrK_MD uyu, Dr K akulankhula za momwe chithandizo ndi mankhwala amisala zimagwirira ntchito limodzi.

Mankhwala amathandiza mwana kapena wamkulu kutenga nawo mbali mu chithandizo chamankhwala ndikuphunzira luso lothana ndi vutoli. 

Zizindikiro zina zimangobwera chifukwa cha mankhwala monga mkwiyo waukulu ndi kuphulika kwa zinthu, malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, mantha, psychosis, kumva mawu ndi kuona zinthu.  

Munthu amene ali ndi mkwiyo waukulu amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi kupsa mtima kwambiri asanayambe kulandira chithandizo chifukwa mkwiyo waukuluwo umasokoneza maphunziro a chithandizo.

Kapena, munthu amene akumva mawu kapena amene ali ndi mantha sangachite chithandizo chifukwa akumva mawu kapena amene ali ndi mantha kwambiri moti sangakhulupirire katswiri wa zamaganizo. 

Nthawi zina mumafunika mankhwala ochiritsira kuti mugwire ntchito! 

Mafunso ofunikira kufunsa posankha ngati mankhwala akufunika: 

1. Kodi inu kapena mwana wanu mumafunikira mpumulo mwachangu bwanji ku zizindikiro kapena machitidwe?

2. Kodi inu kapena mwana wanu mungalandire chithandizo popanda kulandira mankhwala? 

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DrK_MD uyu, Dr K akufotokoza momwe mankhwala amisala amathandizira. 

Munthu akadwala matenda amisala, zimatanthauza kuti munthuyo ali ndi kusalinganika kwa mankhwala muubongo mwake zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mahomoni ake a muubongo (kapena ma neurotransmitters) sali bwino. 

Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la maganizo, zikutanthauza kuti munthuyo alibe serotonin yokwanira muubongo mwake. 

Komabe, mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo samangowonjezera serotonin muubongo, komanso amakonzanso serotonin muubongo. Chifukwa chake, anthu ambiri sangafunike mankhwala mtsogolo. 

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DRK_MD uyu, Dr K akuyankha funso lakuti: Kodi mankhwala amisala amaletsa matenda amisala kuti asakule kwambiri?

 Inde! Mankhwala amisala amatha kuletsa matenda kuti asakule kwambiri kapena kukula mokwanira ngati atachiritsidwa msanga.

Ngati matenda amisala sachiritsidwa msanga, amakula kwambiri pakapita nthawi.

Mwana wamng'ono akamaonetsa zizindikiro za matenda amisala monga kuvutika maganizo, mkwiyo waukulu kapena malingaliro ofuna kudzipha - mwana amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zizindikiro zake kukulirakulira panthawi yaunyamata.

Kuvutika maganizo muubwana kumatha kukhala matenda a bipolar panthawi ya unyamata ndipo mwina mpaka schizophrenia muukulu. 

Gawo lovuta ndilakuti zizindikiro za matenda amisala zimatha kukhala zosamveka bwino komanso zosamveka bwino zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amisala mwa mwana kapena wachinyamata.

Cholinga cha mankhwala amisala ndikuletsa matenda amisala kuti asakule kwambiri.

Matenda amisala amayambitsa ubongo wopindika. Ubongo ukhoza kuvutika chifukwa cha mahomoni a muubongo omwe sali bwino.

Mankhwala ali ngati bandeji yothandizira ubongo. Sabisa vutoli koma amachepetsa kutupa ndipo amachiritsa zizindikiro za malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, mkwiyo, kusafuna kuchita zinthu mwachangu, kusowa tulo, kapena makhalidwe omwe amasokoneza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. 

Matenda azachipatala amatha kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi popanda chithandizo choyenera. Ngati muyenda pa bondo lomwe lathyoka kwambiri popanda chithandizo, mutha kuwononga bondo kwambiri ndipo mwina mungawononge kosatha. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitikanso pa matenda monga bipolar disorder ndi schizophrenia. Popanda chithandizo choyambilira, zizindikiro za bipolar disorder ndi schizophrenia zimatha kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuchiza. Chithandizo choyambilira chingalepheretse matendawa kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi ndikuwonjezera mwayi wochira mokwanira.

Mfundo Yofunika Kuiganizira: Matenda amisala ndi matenda azachipatala. Mofanana ndi zizindikiro zachipatala zomwe siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa, zizindikiro zamisala nazonso ziyenera kuonedwa mozama. 

Mankhwala amisala sagwira ntchito ngati Tylenol. Ngati mutu wanu ukupweteka ndipo mukumwa Tylenol, idzathetsa mutu wanu pakangopita mphindi zochepa.

Mankhwala amisala amafunika nthawi kuti akhazikike m'thupi lanu zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimatenga nthawi kuti agwire ntchito. 

Mwina simungamve bwino zizindikiro zanu kwa milungu 6-8 kapena simungaone zotsatirapo zake kwa masiku 5, milungu iwiri, kapena miyezi iwiri! 

Kuti mankhwala amisala agwire ntchito muyenera zinthu zitatu: 

1. Mlingo wochiritsira wa mankhwalawa
2. Khalani ndi mlingo wochiritsira kwa milungu 6-8
3. Osamwa mankhwala omwe akutsutsana ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa

Mu kanema wa Ask Dr K uyu, Dr K akuyankha funso lakuti kodi mankhwala a bridge ndi chiyani? 

Mwana kapena wamkulu akamakumana ndi mavuto (kupsa mtima kwambiri kapena kuganiza zodzipha) monga pamene wagonekedwa kuchipatala cha matenda amisala - pamene akuyembekezera kuti mankhwala akuluakulu a matenda amisala ayambe kugwira ntchito - zomwe zingatenge kuyambira sabata imodzi mpaka milungu iwiri kapena kuposerapo - timachiritsa zizindikiro monga kupsa mtima kapena machitidwe odzivulaza ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu kwakanthawi. 

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ngati mankhwala akuyambitsa maganizo ofuna kudzipha, monga mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, ndipo ngakhale mutasiya - zingatenge sabata yonse kuti munthu atuluke m'thupi lake. Chifukwa chake, popanda mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, zimakhala ngati munthuyo akumwabe mankhwalawo kwa sabata ina yomwe imayambitsa maganizo ofuna kudzipha. Tikufunika mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo kuti tithetse maganizo ofuna kudzipha ndikuchepetsa kuvutika maganizo.

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DrK_MD uyu, Dr K akulankhula za chomwe mankhwala amisala a PRN ali.

PRN imatanthauza "momwe mukufunira".

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani munthu akamayembekezera mankhwala ake a tsiku ndi tsiku kuti achiritse zizindikiro zake ndipo akukumana ndi mantha, malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, chilakolako chofuna kudzivulaza, kapena kuboola khoma? Pamenepo ndi pamene timalemba mankhwala a PRN. 

Mankhwala a PRN si m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito luso lothana ndi mavuto. Mankhwala amisala a PRN amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mwana kapena wamkulu sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito luso lothana ndi mavuto.

Mankhwala a PRN amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza chilakolako chofuna kudzipha kapena mkwiyo kapena mantha kuti mwana kapena wamkulu athe kukhala chete mokwanira kuti agwiritse ntchito luso lothana ndi vutoli.

Cholinga chachikulu, zizindikiro zikakhazikika, ndichakuti munthu agwiritse ntchito luso lothana ndi vutoli m'malo mwa mankhwala a PRN. 

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DrK_MD uyu, Dr K akulankhula za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala a PRN.

Ngati wina akuvutika kugona - PRN Melatonin kapena Benadryl kapena Clonidine ndi mankhwala ogona osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. 

Ngati wina akuganiza zodzipha kapena akuganiza zodzipha - mankhwala a PRN monga Zyprexa kapena Thorazine kapena Haldol amatha kukhudza maganizo odzipha kuti ateteze mwana kapena wamkulu.

Ngati wina akugwedeza mutu wake chifukwa cha malingaliro ake okweza - PRN Haldol akhoza kugwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri polimbana ndi malingaliro olowerera. 

Ngati wina akukwiya kwambiri - PRN Thorazine kapena Zyprexa zingathandize kuchepetsa mkwiyo panthawi yomwe mwana sakumenya khoma kapena kudzivulaza yekha kapena wina chifukwa cha mkwiyo wawo waukulu womwe umalamulira ubongo wake. 

Ngati wina ali ndi mantha ndipo akukhulupirira kuti ena akufuna kumuvulaza - kugwiritsa ntchito PRN ya mankhwala aliwonse oletsa matenda amisala kungathandize kuchepetsa mantha panthawiyo ndikuthandiza munthu kumva kuti ali otetezeka. 

Cholinga nthawi zonse ndi momwe mungapewere munthu kuvutika mosafunikira. Zizindikiro zonsezi zomwe zili pamwambapa sizingathetsedwe ndi chithandizo chokha. 

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DrK_MD uyu, Dr K akuyankha funso lakuti: Kodi mankhwala a PRN angathandize bwanji pozindikira matenda amisala?

Pali zifukwa zambiri za nkhawa: 

Nkhawa ingakhale yachizolowezi kwa inu - ndikuda nkhawa ndi zomwe anthu angaganize za ine.

Kapena nkhawa yokhudza anthu ingakhale mantha - ndikukhulupirira kuti ena akunena za ine, akuseka za ine kapena akuwerenga maganizo anga.

Kapena nkhawa ingakhale gawo la matenda a bipolar - gawo la mania lomwe limayambitsa mkhalidwe wokwiya kwambiri m'thupi (mu Yiddush timati kukhala pa shpilkas). 

Ngati mupatsa munthu PRN Vistaril ndipo imachiza nkhawa, zingathandize kuzindikira nkhawa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri.

Komabe, ngati Vistaril PRN sithandiza kuchepetsa nkhawa, koma thorazine kapena Haldol zingathandize kuthetsa maganizo osokonezeka maganizo ndi kusokoneza maganizo, ndiye kuti zimenezo zingakhale chizindikiro chakuti munthuyo akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la bipolar spectrum kapena ali ndi matenda amisala.

Zingakhale zovuta kupeza matenda kwa ana, achinyamata komanso achinyamata chifukwa matenda amayamba pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. 

Mu kanema wa @Ask_DrK_MD uyu, Dr K akuyankha funso lakuti: Kodi mankhwala otonthoza ndi otani poyerekeza ndi mankhwala oyambitsa?    

Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda amisala amakupatsani chilimbikitso chowonjezereka: 

Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo omwe amalimbikitsa mtima. Koma, mwa odwala ena azaka 24 kapena kuchepera, mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo angawonjezere maganizo ofuna kudzipha.

Chitsanzo china cha mankhwala oyambitsa ndi Abilify (mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala), omwe amathandizanso kuvutika maganizo ndipo ndi abwino kwambiri pochiza zizindikiro zoyipa monga kudzipatula, kudzipatula ku moyo, kusowa malingaliro kapena kulephera kukhala ndi chisangalalo.

Mankhwala otonthoza amisala akutonthoza.

Ana kapena akuluakulu ena amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri monga kukwiya, kukwiya, komanso kuchita zinthu mopupuluma.

Mankhwala otonthoza monga Lithium kapena Depakote (mankhwala ochiritsira maganizo), angathandize kuthana ndi mkwiyo, kukwiya, kapena Risperdal (mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala) angathandize kuthana ndi maganizo ofuna kudzipha kapena oganiza molakwika, kapena okonda kuganizira zinthu mopitirira muyeso komanso kuthetsa maganizo odzipha.

Dzifunseni mafunso otsatirawa: 

Kodi ine kapena mwana wanga tikufunika mphamvu zambiri, thandizo loti tidzuke pabedi, thandizo loti tidzuke komanso chilimbikitso? 

OR

Kodi ine kapena mwana wanga tikufunika thandizo kuchepetsa mkwiyo?